安装前准备：
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake make yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel一、下载keepalived
方法一：yum -y install keepalived方法二：下载二进制源码包：#下载安装文件cd /usr/local/srcwget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.4.0.tar.gz #解压文件tar -zxvf keepalived-1.40.0.tar.gz#编译cd keepalived-1.40.0/#--prefix 指定安装地址#/usr/local/keepalived/ 安装的目录，不要和自己安装文件一个目录，不然报错./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived/#编译并安装 make && make install
配置：（后面部分会详细介绍，这里就用默认配置）
启动：
首先拷贝几个文件到CentOS7环境中：
[root@localhost ~]# cp keepalived-1.3.4/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/[root@localhost ~]# cp keepalived-1.3.4/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
二、编辑/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
yum安装编辑此文件 vim /ect/keepalived/keepalived.conf源码包安装编辑此文件
vim /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf global_defs { notification_email { #mr@mruse.cn # 指定keepalived在发生切换时需要发送email到的对象，一行一个 #sysadmin@firewall.loc } notification_email_from xxx@163.com # 指定发件人 smtp_server smtp@163.com # smtp 服务器地址 smtp_connect_timeout 30 # smtp 服务器连接超时时间 router_id LVS_1 # 标识本节点的字符串,通常为hostname,但不一定非得是hostname,故障发生时,邮件通知会用到 }vrrp_instance VI_1 { # 实例名称 state MASTER # 可以是MASTER或BACKUP，不过当其他节点keepalived启动时会将priority比较大的节点选举为MASTER interface eth0 # 节点固有IP（非VIP）的网卡，用来发VRRP包做心跳检测 mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.179 #本机的ip，需要修改 virtual_router_id 51 # 虚拟路由ID,取值在0-255之间,用来区分多个instance的VRRP组播,同一网段内ID不能重复;主备必须为一样; priority 100 # 用来选举master的,要成为master那么这个选项的值最好高于其他机器50个点,该项取值范围是1-255(在此范围之外会被识别成默认值100) advert_int 1 # 检查间隔默认为1秒,即1秒进行一次master选举(可以认为是健康查检时间间隔) authentication { # 认证区域,认证类型有PASS和HA（IPSEC）,推荐使用PASS(密码只识别前8位) auth_type PASS # 默认是PASS认证 auth_pass MrUse # PASS认证密码 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.0.219 # 虚拟VIP地址,允许多个 }}
三、开启服务
（1）systemctl start keepalived（在yum安装时直接使用此命令启动服务）（2）源码包安装启动服务还需进行如下步骤#创建keepalived配置文件目录mkdir /etc/keepalived#拷贝配置文件到/etc/keepalived目录下 cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ #复制keepalived脚本到/etc/init.d/ 目录 cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/ #(可忽略) #拷贝keepalived脚本到/etc/sysconfig/ 目录 cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ #建立软连接 ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/ #添加到开机启动 chkconfig keepalived on #查看服务状况 systemctl status keepalived
四、启用ip转发
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf sysctl -p
五、防火墙添加规则
firewall-cmd --direct --permanent --add-rule ipv4 filter INPUT 0 --in-interface enp196 --destination 224.0.0.18 --protocol vrrp -j ACCEPT
success# firewall-cmd --direct --permanent --add-rule ipv4 filter OUTPUT 0 \--out-interface enp196 --destination 224.0.0.18 --protocol vrrp -j ACCEPTsuccess# firewall-cmd --reloadsuccess